For Dr Antoni Calmon, retinol is the benchmark anti-aging active ingredient, and one of the most effective for accelerating cell renewal. Retinol is recognized for its ability to boost collagen and elastin production for smoother, more elastic and firmer skin. It also removes dead cells from the skin's surface, stimulating cell renewal. Pores are unclogged and skin texture refined, preventing the appearance of blackheads and/or blackheads.

Derived from vitamin A, retinol is a member of the retinoid family.

It's perfectly possible to combine vitamin C and retinol. However, Dr Antoni Calmon recommends using them at two different times of the day: "Retinol must be applied in the evening, as the photosensitizing molecule can cause irritation during the day. Vitamin C is suitable for application in the morning, to PROTECT the skin against the aggressions it will suffer throughout the day."

We recommend applying PERS Retinol Concentrate Serum 0.3% every other evening, alternating with Crème Riche Réparation Intense PERS to REPAIR.

As retinol is photosensitizing, it is strongly recommended to apply it only in the evening, to avoid skin irritation. We also recommend that you protect your skin the next day with Protection Quotidienne en Gelée SPF50+ PERS or SPF à indice élevé : 50+ (well... like every other day, isn't it?).

Retinol is an active molecule with recognized irritant potential. Retinol can cause redness and discomfort in users with sensitive skin. In view of this, European regulations have limited its concentration in non-rinse-off cosmetic products to 0.3%.

Retinol can be used on sensitive skin. To offset the potential risk of intolerance to retinol, PERS has combined it with pro-retinol or natural retinol booster, suitable even for sensitive skin.

This formulation makes it possible to benefit from the effects of retinol while respecting the skin's tolerance threshold. Our serum has been tested on a panel of sensitive skins to ensure that it poses no risk to users with sensitive skin.

Not only is retinol suitable for acne-prone skin, but its keratolytic action is also beneficial. Retinol acts as an exfoliant, removing dead cells from clogged pores, which are responsible for blemishes. Retinol also tightens pores. Finally, thanks to its lightening properties, retinol reduces the marks left by blemishes.

We recommend using Retinol Serum every other night, alternating with Crème Riche PERS. However, depending on your skin's needs, you can also apply the Crème Riche after your Concentrated Retinol Serum 0.3%.

As with any cosmetic product, you need to wait at least until the end of the first cell renewal cycle (28 days) to see the first results.

However, most dermatologists will tell you that visible results are more likely to appear after two months of regular use.

The 2 forms of Vitamin A, retinol or Retinyl Palmitate, can be referred to as retinol in a cosmetic product. Dr Antoni Calmon explains that both molecules break down in the skin into retinoic acid. All retinoids must be transformed into their final version, retinoic acid, to be effective. Retinyl Palmitate is slightly less effective, but also better tolerated by the skin, as it requires one more conversion step to become retinoic acid.

Retinol esters convert first to retinol, then to retinaldehyde, and finally to retinoic acid.

This makes retinol esters particularly suitable for sensitive skin or for people using retinol for the first time. The founder of PERS has favored this form in Sérum Pro-Rétinol PERS to guarantee high tolerance with no consequent impact on efficacy, provided retinol is applied over time, rather than as a cure.